152 The State Order, Constitution, Legal System
 
The State Order, Constitution, Legal System 153  
 
   
 
 
  
  
  Court of Appeals is comprised of criminal and legal departments. Furthermore, there are criminal and legal general assemblies. The Constitution envisages military courts for cases involving military personnel. These cases are heard at military courts and the Supreme Military Court of Appeals is the last instance for reviewing decisions and judgements made by military courts.  
 

Within the context of the e-transformation Turkey Program, pilot implementation of the National Judicial Network Project (UYAP) has started in a number of provinces. The objective of UYAP is to speed up judicial procedures, to prevent delays in justice and consequently the unjust treatment of citizens, and maintain the accurate and reliable functioning of the Turkish legal system.
 

This project envisages the eventual establishment of the “e-justice system”, a computer network encompassing the high courts, central organization of the Ministry of Justice, all courts and offices of public prosecutors, the Forensic Medicine,  prisons  and detention  facilities,  distraint  offices

 

A hearing in independent courts
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  and other ministerial units; providing uninterrupted flow of documents and information in electronic environment and offering on-line services to citizens.  
 
Individual and Public Administration: In accordance with the principle of a state governed by the rule of law, recourse to judicial review is available against all actions and acts of the administration. The acts of the President in his own competence, the decisions of the Supreme Military Council and of the Supreme Council of Judges and Public Prosecutors are excluded from the scope of judicial supervision. Moreover, disciplinary actions except for the penalties of warning and censure, cannot be exempt from judicial supervision.
 
Lawsuits filed against the actions and procedures of the administration are heard at administrative courts. The administrative courts operate on two levels. The administrative and tax courts operate as courts of first instance. The Regional Administrative Courts examine the objections to the verdicts of the administrative and tax courts delivered by a single judge, and also the disputes pertaining to duty and authorization between the administrative and tax courts, and reach a final decision. The Regional Administrative Courts are the last instance courts in terms of certain cases, yet they hear the lawsuits filed against administrative actions and procedures in their capacity as first and last instance courts. The last instance court in administrative cases is the Council of State. Again there may be cases which the Council of State shall hear in its capacity as a court of first instance.
 
The Supreme Military Administrative Court is also one of the courts set forth by the Constitution. This high court, even though not established by military authorities, functions as a first and last instance court examining disputes arising from administrative actions and procedures concerning military personnel and military service.